tls - binding to OpenSSL toolkit.
package require Tcl 8.4
package require tls 1.7.22
tls::init ?options?
tls::socket ?options? host
port
tls::socket ?-server command? ?options? port
tls::status ?-local? channel
tls::handshake channel
tls::import channel ?options?
tls::unimport channel
tls::ciphers
protocol ?verbose?
tls::version
This extension provides a generic binding to OpenSSL, utilizing the Tcl_StackChannel API for Tcl 8.2 and higher. The sockets behave exactly the same as channels created using Tcl's built-in socket command with additional options for controlling the SSL session. To use TLS with an earlier version of Tcl than 8.4, please obtain TLS 1.3.
Typically one would use the tls::socket command which provides compatibility with the native Tcl socket command. In such cases tls::import should not be used directly.
- -autoservername bool
- Automatically send the -servername as the host argument (default: false)
- issuer dn
- The distinguished name (DN) of the certificate issuer.
- subject dn
- The distinguished name (DN) of the certificate subject.
- notBefore date
- The begin date for the validity of the certificate.
- notAfter date
- The expiry date for the certificate.
- serial n
- The serial number of the certificate.
- cipher cipher
- The current cipher in use between the client and server channels.
- sbits n
- The number of bits used for the session key.
- certificate n
- The PEM encoded certificate.
- version value
- The protocol version used for the connection: SSLv2, SSLv3, TLSv1, TLSv1.1, TLSv1.2, unknown
- -cadir dir
- Provide the directory containing the CA certificates.
- -cafile filename
- Provide the CA file.
- -certfile filename
- Provide the name of a file containing certificate to use.
- -cert filename
- Provide the contents of a certificate to use, as a DER encoded binary value (X.509 DER).
- -cipher string
- Provide the cipher suites to use. Syntax is as per OpenSSL.
- -command callback
- If specified, this callback will be invoked at several points during the OpenSSL handshake. It can pass errors and tracing information, and it can allow Tcl scripts to perform their own validation of the certificate in place of the default validation provided by OpenSSL.
See CALLBACK OPTIONS for further discussion.- -dhparams filename
- Provide a Diffie-Hellman parameters file.
- -keyfile filename
- Provide the private key file. (default: value of -certfile)
- -key filename
- Provide the private key to use as a DER encoded value (PKCS#1 DER)
- -model channel
- This will force this channel to share the same SSL_CTX structure as the specified channel, and therefore share callbacks etc.
- -password callback
- If supplied, this callback will be invoked when OpenSSL needs to obtain a password, typically to unlock the private key of a certificate. The callback should return a string which represents the password to be used.
See CALLBACK OPTIONS for further discussion.- -request bool
- Request a certificate from peer during SSL handshake. (default: true)
- -require bool
- Require a valid certificate from peer during SSL handshake. If this is set to true then -request must also be set to true. (default: false)
- -server bool
- Handshake as server if true, else handshake as client.(default: false)
- -servername host
- Only available if the OpenSSL library the package is linked against supports the TLS hostname extension for 'Server Name Indication' (SNI). Use to name the logical host we are talking to and expecting a certificate for
- -ssl2 bool
- Enable use of SSL v2. (default: false)
- -ssl3 bool
- Enable use of SSL v3. (default: false)
- -tls1 bool
- Enable use of TLS v1. (default: true)
- -tls1.1 bool
- Enable use of TLS v1.1 (default: true)
- -tls1.2 bool
- Enable use of TLS v1.2 (default: true)
- -tls1.3 bool
- Enable use of TLS v1.3 (default: true)
As indicated above, individual channels can be given their own callbacks to handle intermediate processing by the OpenSSL library, using the -command and -password options passed to either of tls::socket or tls::import.
- -command callback
- Invokes the specified callback script at several points during the OpenSSL handshake. Except as indicated below, values returned from the callback are ignored. Arguments appended to the script upon callback take one of the following forms:
- info channel major minor message
- This form of callback is invoked by the OpenSSL function
SSL_CTX_set_info_callback().
The major and minor arguments are used to represent the state information bitmask.The message argument is a descriptive string which may be generated either by
- Possible values for major are:
handshake, alert, connect, accept.- Possible values for minor are:
start, done, read, write, loop, exit.SSL_state_string_long()or bySSL_alert_desc_string_long(), depending on context.
- verify channel depth cert status error
- This form of callback is invoked by the OpenSSL function
SSL_set_verify().
The depth argument is an integer representing the current depth on the certificate chain, with0as the subject certificate and higher values denoting progressively more indirect issuer certificates.
The cert argument is a list of key-value pairs similar to those returned by tls::status.
The status argument is an integer representing the current validity of the certificate. A value of0means the certificate is deemed invalid. A value of1means the certificate is deemed valid.
The error argument supplies the message, if any, generated byX509_STORE_CTX_get_error().
The callback may override normal validation processing by explicitly returning one of the above status values.
- -password callback
- Invokes the specified callback script when OpenSSL needs to obtain a password. The callback should return a string which represents the password to be used. No arguments are appended to the script upon callback.
Reference implementations of these callbacks are provided in the distribution as tls::callback and tls::password respectively. Note that these are sample implementations only. In a more realistic deployment you would specify your own callback scripts on each TLS channel using the -command and -password options.
The default behavior when the -command option is not specified is for TLS to process the associated library callbacks internally. The default behavior when the -password option is not specified is for TLS to process the associated library callbacks by attempting to call tls::password. The difference between these two behaviors is a consequence of maintaining compatibility with earlier implementations.
The tls::debug variable provides some additional control over these reference callbacks. Its value is zero by default. Higher values produce more diagnostic output, and will also force the verify method in tls::callback to accept the certificate, even when it is invalid.
The use of the reference callbacks tls::callback and tls::password is not recommended. They may be removed from future releases.
The use of the variable tls::debug is not recommended. It may be removed from future releases.
This example uses a sample server.pem provided with the TLS release, courtesy of the OpenSSL project.
package require http
package require tls
http::register https 443 [list ::tls::socket -autoservername true -require true -cadir /etc/ssl/certs]
set tok [http::geturl https://www.tcl.tk/]
The capabilities of this package can vary enormously based upon how your OpenSSL library was configured and built. At the most macro-level OpenSSL supports a "no patents" build, which disables RSA, IDEA, RC(2,4,5) and SSL2 - if your OpenSSL is configured this way then you will need to build TLS with the -DNO_PATENTS option - and the resultant module will function correctly and also support ADH certificate-less encryption, however you will be unable to utilize this to speak to normal Web Servers, which typically require RSA support. Please see http://www.openssl.org/ for more information on the whole issue of patents and US export restrictions.
socket, fileevent, OpenSSL
Copyright © 1999 Matt Newman. Copyright © 2004 Starfish Systems.